NHTSA Probes Tesla’s Robotaxi Plans; Seeks Answers on FSD in Poor Weather

Not a Tesla App

As anticipation builds for Tesla’s Robotaxi network debut in Austin, potentially just a few short weeks away, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is turning its official eye onto Tesla. The ask? How will Tesla’s FSD handle the unpredictable realities of challenging weather?

The NHTSA Request

The NHTSA has sent a formal letter to Tesla, which was made public on May 12th, requesting detailed information about Tesla’s Robotaxi service. The NHTSA inquiry centers specifically on the safety and performance of FSD when faced with reduced visibility conditions like rain, fog, and sun glare. The request is tied to an ongoing NHTSA investigation, which was initiated in October 2023, examining Tesla’s FSD and Autopilot suite following incidents in poor visibility.

Tesla’s executives, including Elon Musk, have previously stated that the company is full steam ahead to launch Robotaxi in Austin this June. However, NHTSA’s pointed questions come even as Tesla has recently discussed its plans to work on region-specific and weather-specific FSD training.

Tesla’s executive leadership acknowledged the need to adapt the system to diverse environmental and weather conditions. Now, regulators want specifics on how Tesla intends to address environmental conditions and how that translates to operational safety for the fleet.

Request Breakdown

NHTSA’s letter outlines a need for detailed information from Tesla before the service launches and covers several key areas. We’ve broken this down into various sections below:

Deployment Scale

NHTSA is looking for the exact number of vehicles and models that will be part of the initial Austin fleet, and what the projected service availability times would be for said fleet. Tesla has previously said it’d launch with 10-20 Model Ys, but looks like NHTSA is looking for additional details.

Oversight

In terms of oversight, NHTSA is looking to confirm whether the Robotaxis will operate under real-time supervision of Tesla’s employees, either remotely or in-vehicle.

This is a question on our minds as well. A recent app update suggested that Tesla could have a driver in the vehicle, but it wasn’t clear whether this was referring to Tesla’s own fleet or customer-owned vehicles. The only thing we have heard officially from Tesla is that Tesla “may” use remote support, but that they were still looking into it.

Adverse Weather Capabilities

This is the meat and potatoes of the request - how will Tesla ensure safety during sun glare, fog, heavy rain, snow, or dust? What specific protocols are triggered if poor visibility is encountered mid-trip? Will the vehicle pull over or call home and cancel rides?

Sensor Technology

Surprisingly, NHTSA is looking for details regarding the vehicle the Robotaxi sensor suites and how Tesla intends to use those sensors to ensure safe operation under varied conditions. NHTSA has had previous submissions from Tesla in regard to its sensor suite and how it uses the technology, so it feels odd that they are requesting another batch - but this could be related to the use of the next generation of FSD (Unsupervised).

Compliance

Does Tesla’s FSD system adhere, either fully or partially, to established industry standards for autonomous driving? This likely refers to the NHTSA Automated Vehicles for Safety guidebook, which lays out the “L0 to L5” driver assistance vs automation system.

Future Expansion

Finally, NHTSA is looking for the timeline for enabling Robotaxi functionality on vehicles not directly owned or controlled by Tesla. Tesla has already come out and said that customer-owned vehicles wouldn’t be allowed on the robotaxi network until 2026, but obviously, NHTSA wants to hear directly from Tesla and likely has more specific questions covering a wide variety of potential issues.

These questions will likely have to be answered with considerable amounts of data and justification for the NHTSA. Once all that is done, Tesla will be in a better position to receive regulatory approval at a larger scale than just within the city of Austin or the state of Texa with the NHTSA’s backing.

Successfully addressing this letter will be the key for Unsupervised FSD moving forward, but Tesla hasn’t issued a public response to the agency’s letter, and likely won’t in a public manner. So we’ll have to wait and see how the launch of the Robotaxi network pans out next month.

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FSD V13.2.9 Rolls Out for HW4 as Part of Tesla’s 2025.14.6 Update

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After an 84-day wait since the last FSD update, Tesla has finally begun rolling out a new version of FSD V13 to its AI4-equipped vehicles. This new release, V13.2.9, is rolling out to all vehicles, including the Cybertruck.

Unfortunately, since it’s a minor point release (from V13.2.8), the release notes are the same, and Tesla hasn’t included a change log or changed what’s coming in the future.

Software Update 2025.14.6

The FSD update is rolling out with Tesla software update 2025.14.6. Interestingly, update 2025.14.6 is seeing a wider distribution and is also being made available to vehicles without FSD and outside North America. For those vehicles, this update just includes bug fixes.

TCU Fix

There’s one fix in particular that’s expected to be included in this update, according to a message from Tesla Service. In earlier 2025.14 updates, there was a bug in some vehicles that prevented some vehicles from falling asleep properly due to a Telematics Control Unit (TCU) issue. This bug caused additional battery drain since some of the vehicle’s systems remained.

Tesla Service said they planned to include a bug fix in update 2025.14.6, but it hasn’t been confirmed whether the fix actually made it out in this release.

Early Access Users and More

FSD v13.2.9 was first rolled out to Tesla’s standard Early Access group, including well-known community members and content creators. It has also reached participants in the newer, Texas-based Early Access Program, suggesting that the update is relatively stable and may serve as a foundation for upcoming FSD releases.

Tesla could be intending to use the Texas Early Access Program to test various features, perhaps related to the upcoming Robotaxi network launch in Austin. While this is plausible, it is merely speculation, and we’ll be keeping a close eye on that group to see what exactly Tesla does.

HW3 Users

While Tesla has recently been including FSD updates for HW3 and HW4 in the same release, this update does not include any changes for HW3 users. HW3 vehicles that are receiving this update are staying on FSD V12.6.4, which means that whichever fixes this update includes they’re specific to FSD V13 or HW4.

Point Release - Not Much New

Being a point release, V13.2.9 isn’t expected to introduce any major new capabilities. Tesla hasn’t provided specific release notes detailing changes from V13.2.8.

Hopefully, Tesla has taken into account recent user feedback on V13.2.8 about lane centering and lane selection, and this update addresses some of those issues. However, early feedback is that those issues are still present.

There is always potential for a more substantial update in the near future, so keep your fingers crossed, but after such a long wait, we expected more to be included. It seems like Tesla may have felt the need to address a bug in this release instead of waiting for the next major release, which is expected to either be FSD V13.3 or FSD V14.

Roll Out

The fact that Software Update 2025.14.6 is going out wider than the Early Access audience suggests that Tesla is confident in this release and that it likely only includes very minor changes. We expect this update to continue going out over the coming days.

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Tesla Updates Lane Departure Avoidance, Likely Now Using FSD Stack [Video]

@SantoroSystems on X

Tesla’s Autopilot safety features appear to be undergoing a big architectural shift, and it’s one that many may not have noticed. When a vehicle activates Lane Departure Avoidance, the visualization would previously flip back to the old Autopilot visualization, hinting that the vehicle was using the old Autopilot stack.

With Basic Autopilot not being available on the Cybertruck, Lane Departure Avoidance and Lane Assist, two safety features that leveraged the old Autopilot stack, were also absent on the Cybertruck.

However, with the 2025.14 update, Tesla added these two safety features to the Cybertruck and introduced a new visualization for Lane Departure Avoidance. Since Basic Autopilot is still not available on the Cybertruck, we believe these safety features have been migrated to the newer FSD stack.

This affects all vehicles with FSD, not just the Cybertruck, and includes vehicles on HW3 and HW4. Vehicles without FSD do not appear to have received the updated Lane Departure Avoidance (LDA). Vehicles with older FSD hardware, such as HW 2.5, will likely also remain on the older version of LDA.

Undocumented change in 2024.14.3.1… when using the FSD visualization, it no longer switches back to the AP visualization when lane departure assist is activated; it now just highlights the line in blue. This used to drive me nuts! @teslascope @NotATeslaApp @SawyerMerritt pic.twitter.com/psZYdWVNL3

— Cameron Berry (@cameronberrynh) May 8, 2025

Visualization Changes

One of the most noticeable changes is that Lane Departure Avoidance no longer causes your screen to revert to the old Autopilot visualization and instead keeps the FSD visualizations on the screen. Lane Departure Avoidance also features a new visualization.

As shown in the video above, the new visualization now highlights the lane marking you’re going over in blue on both sides. If your vehicle activates Emergency Lane Departure Avoidance, then the road marking will turn red.

Note the red line with Emergency Lane Departure Avoidance on FSD.

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Note: At this time, it appears that this only applies to vehicles with FSD. Non-FSD-equipped vehicles will likely continue to use the older Autopilot stack for safety features for the time being.

Software Unification

This is big news - many people have been wondering why Tesla hasn’t started offering a subset of FSD features to users who only have access to Autopilot, either because they don’t have the FSD package, or they live outside of North America and China.

This appears to be a big step in Tesla unifying its software features and making FSD the standard Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) for all vehicles.

Free Up Resources for FSD

By moving some features over to FSD, Tesla is also cutting out the old software stack, freeing up additional resources for FSD’s immense resource consumption. This could result in future benefits as Tesla stops running two similar software stacks side-by-side. This could also mean that these features will perform better under FSD than Autopilot since FSD has a better understanding of its environment.

There are still numerous features that work under the old Autopilot stack. In the near future, this could also apply to the rest of Tesla’s Autopilot safety features, including Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB), Forward Collision Warning (FCW), and Obstacle-Aware Acceleration. However, these features have less obvious visual signs, and it could make it more difficult to tell when Tesla transitions these features over to the FSD stack.

FSD-Based Autopilot

This technical migration of safety features fuels some speculation on our part. Tesla has refrained from updating or improving Autopilot for the most part, with the notable exception of adding Curvature Assist in 2024.38. 

When core and basic vehicle control and safety features, including an Autosteer equivalent, run on the FSD stack, Tesla will likely make their move to make a new version of Autopilot the standard offering on its vehicles instead of the current legacy stack. This creates a consistent baseline while still differentiating the paid FSD package through its autonomous nature.

We’re excited to see what Tesla releases on this front - as it’ll have a massive impact on millions of drivers globally who don’t use FSD. The fact that this new safety feature has been confirmed to function on both HW3 and HW4 vehicles is a big plus - Tesla isn’t forgetting about older users in their rush to an autonomous future.

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