Musk Talks Robotaxi Details: Fleet Size, Teleoperators, Avoid Certain Intersections, Scaling and More

By Karan Singh
CNBC

In a live two-part interview with CNBC’s David Faber yesterday, Elon Musk laid out his ambitious near-term plans for Tesla’s Robotaxi Network and the broader rollout of Unsupervised FSD. Speaking from Giga Texas, Elon confirmed that Tesla will be launching its initial Robotaxi pilot service on Austin’s roads by the end of June 2025.

Tesla Already Testing Robotaxi With Safety Drivers

The upcoming Austin launch is the start of Tesla’s long-stated Robotaxi ambitions. After promising true FSD for years, it appears that Tesla is finally ready to debut it, albeit it’ll be closed to the public initially, and it will only be available on Tesla-owned vehicles for now.

Elon expressed confidence in that end-of-June timeline, revealing some of the extent they’ve gone to behind the scenes. Tesla has had test vehicles driving in Austin 24/7, currently with drivers in the cars. However, they’ve seen essentially no interventions required from the safety drivers during the testing phase, which is good news.

The initial deployment in Austin will be deliberately small to ensure that everything operates as expected.

"So we want to be very careful with the first introduction of unsupervised full self-driving, meaning that there’s the cars driving around with no one in it... Well, yes, and sometimes no one in it at all. Just going to pick someone up. So the car obviously has to be incredibly safe." - Elon Musk on CNBC

How the Robotaxi Network Will Operate

Musk said that Tesla intends to launch with just 10 Robotaxis for the first week and then slowly increase it to 20, 30, 40, and higher. All of that is to be done without a safety driver. Tesla will still have teleoperators supervising the vehicles remotely if they get stuck, but other than that, they will be in motion without an occupant in the driver’s seat.

The goal is to hit 1,000 active Robotaxis within a few months and then focus on expansion towards San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Antonio. While Tesla could start with 1,000 or 10,000 - given that the initial vehicles are just Model Ys, Tesla wants to keep a tight leash on the fleet and make sure that both the safety and experience are up to snuff.

Geofenced and Avoid Certain Intersections

To further increase safety during the early phases, Elon confirmed that Tesla will geofence the Robotaxis' operational areas within Austin, limiting them to parts of the city where Tesla has the highest confidence in the system's performance. He stated they would avoid intersections unless the system is proven to handle them well, or route around them. While the goal is for the cars to operate without safety drivers, there will be rigorous remote monitoring of the fleet's activities. 

Looking at the broader regulatory picture, Elon acknowledged the current complexities, with rules varying by state and even by city. He reiterated his call for a "unified set of national regulations" for self-driving vehicles in the U.S. to ensure consistency and prevent a confusing patchwork of differing rules as vehicles travel across jurisdictions.

This seems to be a great idea, at least initially. Autonomous cars will be safer if they adhere to the same rules everywhere rather than having different rule sets based on the state. However, one issue is that pedestrians and human-driven vehicles may expect the vehicles to either perform or refrain from certain actions, such as not turning right at red lights, and having different rules for self-driving vehicles could cause confusion.

Adding Your Vehicle to the Robotaxi Network

During the interview, Elon painted a picture of a rapidly expanding fleet of privately owned Teslas capable of unsupervised FSD. He offered a bold prediction for the near future:

"My prediction is that probably by the end of next year [end of 2026] we will have probably hundreds of thousands, if not—... Over a million Teslas doing self-driving in the U.S. ... Unsupervised full self-driving, where you do not need to pay attention." - Elon Musk on CNBC

Tesla eventually plans to allow vehicle owners to add or subtract their cars from the Robotaxi fleet, creating a model he likened to a combination of Uber and Airbnb. This would allow owners to generate revenue when their vehicle isn’t being used, with Tesla receiving a portion of the revenue.

He also mentioned that Tesla owners will likely even make more from their cars participating in the fleet than their lease costs. Elon seemed confident in Tesla's ability to manage the logistics, stating, "Tesla has all the ingredients necessary to offer a vast self-driving fleet overnight."

Elon on Vision-Only and Licensing FSD

Elon also took the opportunity to emphasize that Tesla’s approach to autonomy, based on vision, is the ideal approach. The road system is designed for humans with eyes, so using neural nets with cameras is the ideal solution.

"Because the way that the road system is designed is for AI. It’s basically, I should say, it’s for intelligence, biological neural net, and eyes. That’s how the whole road system is designed. So what will actually work best for the road system is artificial intelligence, digital neural nets, and cameras... And what we found is that, when you have multiple sensors, they tend to get confused. So do you believe the camera or do you believe lidar? - Elon Musk on CNBC

While Tesla previously included radar in its vehicles, the disagreements between the radar and camera data led to uncertainty, prompting Tesla’s engineers to turn the radars off instead. The decision wasn’t about the expense, as per Elon’s comments, but rather on the reducing utility of other sensor types when camera vision becomes more accurate.

Elon also confirmed that Tesla is "very much open" to licensing its FSD technology to other major automakers and is currently in discussions with several. "The more we demonstrate the capability of self-driving, the more that they will want to license it, and we’re happy to help," he added. 

Optimus and Learning

While the interview primarily focused on Tesla’s ambitions for autonomy, Elon also touched on other key aspects of Tesla’s business and future. He reiterated that Optimus and autonomy will “overwhelmingly” dominate the future financial success of Tesla. At multiple Earnings Calls, Elon has said much the same, so it's not surprising to see him stick to this belief.

Elon provided more color on Optimus's development, noting that while achieving the goal of billions of humanoid robots is at least a decade away, even with insatiable demand. He reaffirmed that the target of producing a million robots by 2030 was still reasonable. The training process is evolving; currently, human operators in motion capture (MOCAP) suits perform basic tasks (picking up objects, opening doors, dancing) to bootstrap the robot's intelligence. 

The next threshold, Elon explained, is for Optimus to learn from watching videos, like YouTube "how-to" guides, enabling dramatic "task extensibility." Following that, "self-play," where robots learn by interacting with objects, like a child with toys, guided by a reward function, will be key.

Within five years, Tesla envisions Optimus being capable of household chores like doing dishes, walking the dog, and even proactively understanding and fulfilling user needs. This level of AI advancement requires immense compute. Elon confirmed Tesla's own Dojo training program, based in New York, is contributing, though Tesla will continue to buy many GPUs from Nvidia.

Watch the CNBC Interview

Tesla Updates Robotaxi App: Adds Adjustable Pick Up Locations, Shows Wait Time and More [VIDEO]

By Karan Singh
Nic Cruz Patane

Tesla is rolling out a fairly big update for its iOS and early-access-only Robotaxi app, delivering a suite of improvements that address user feedback from the initial launch last month. The update improves the user experience with increased flexibility, more information, and overall design polish.

The most prominent feature in this update is that Tesla now allows you to adjust your pickup location. Once a Robotaxi arrives at your pickup location, you have 15 minutes to start the ride. The app will now display the remaining time your Robotaxi will wait for you, counting down from 15:00. The wait time is also shown in the iOS Live Activity if your phone is on the lock screen.

How Adjustable Pickups Work

We previously speculated that Tesla had predetermined pickup locations, as the pickup location wasn’t always where the user was. Now, with the ability to adjust the pickup location, we can clearly see that Tesla has specific locations where users can be picked up.

Rather than allowing users to drop a pin anywhere on the map, the new feature works by having the user drag the map to their desired area. The app then presents a list of nearby, predetermined locations to choose from. Once a user selects a spot from this curated list, they hit “Confirm.” The pickup site can also be changed while the vehicle is en route.

This specific implementation raises an interesting question: Why limit users to predetermined spots? The answer likely lies in how Tesla utilizes fleet data to improve its service.

Release Notes

While the app is still only available on iOS through Apple’s TestFlight program, invited users can download and update the app.

Tesla included these release notes in update 25.7.0 of the Robotaxi app:

  • You can now adjust pickup location

  • Display the remaining wait time at pickup in the app and Live Activity

  • Design improvements

  • Bug fixes and stability improvements

Nic Cruz Patane

Why Predetermined Pick Up Spots?

The use of predetermined pickup points is less of a limitation and more of a feature. These curated locations are almost certainly spots that Tesla’s fleet data has identified as optimal and safe for an autonomous vehicle to perform a pickup or drop-off.

This suggests that Tesla is methodically “mapping” its service area not just for calibration and validation of FSD builds but also to help perform the first and last 50-foot interactions that are critical to a safe and smooth ride-hailing experience.

An optimal pickup point likely has several key characteristics identified by the fleet, including:

  • A safe and clear pull-away area away from traffic

  • Good visibility for cameras, free of obstructions

  • Easy entry and exit paths for an autonomous vehicle

This change to pick-up locations reveals how Tesla’s Robotaxi Network is more than just Unsupervised FSD. There are a lot of moving parts, many of which Tesla recently implemented, and others that likely still need to be implemented, such as automated charging.

Frequent Updates

This latest update delivers a much-needed feature for adjusting pickup locations, but it also gives us a view into exactly what Tesla is doing with all the data it is collecting with its validation vehicles rolling around Austin, alongside its Robotaxi fleet.

Tesla is quickly iterating on its app and presumably the vehicle’s software to build a reliable and predictable network, using data to perfect every aspect of the experience, from the moment you hail the ride to the moment you step out of the car.

Tesla Will Face $2 Billion in Lost Profit as 'Big Beautiful Bill' Kills EV Credits

By Karan Singh
Not a Tesla App

The massive legislative effort titled the "Big Beautiful Bill" is taking direct aim at what has become one of Tesla’s most critical and profitable revenue streams: the sale of US regulatory credits. The bill could eliminate billions of dollars from Tesla’s bottom line each year and will slow down the transition to electric vehicles in the US.

The financial stakes for Tesla are absolutely immense. In 2024, Tesla generated $2.76 billion from selling these credits. This high-margin revenue was the sole reason Tesla posted a profit in Q1 2025; without the $595 million from regulatory credits, Tesla’s reported $409 million in profit would have been a $189 million loss.

How the ZEV Credit System Works

Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV) credits are part of state-level programs, led by California, designed to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles. Each year, automakers are required to hold a certain number of ZEV credits, with the amount based on their total vehicle sales within that state. Under this system, automakers that fail to sell a certain percentage of zero-emission vehicles must either pay a significant fine or purchase credits from a company that exceeds the mandate.

Automakers who fail to sell enough EVs to meet their quota have a deficit and face two choices: pay a hefty fine to the state government for each missing credit (for example, $5,000 per credit in California) or buy credits from a company with a surplus.

As an all-EV company, Tesla generates a massive surplus of these credits. It can then turn around and sell them to legacy automakers at prices cheaper than the fine, creating a win-win scenario: the legacy automaker avoids a larger penalty, and Tesla gains a lucrative, near-pure-profit revenue stream. 

This new bill will dismantle this by eliminating the financial penalties for non-compliance, which would effectively make Tesla’s credits worthless. While the ZEV program is a state law, the Big Beautiful Bill will fully eliminate the penalties at a federal level.

A Multi-Billion Dollar Impact

The removal of US ZEGV credits would be a severe blow to Tesla’s financials. One JPMorgan analyst estimated that the move could reduce Tesla’s earnings by over 50%, representing a potential annual loss of $2 billion. While Tesla also earns similar credits in Europe and China, analysts suggest that 80-90% of its credit revenue in Q1 2025 came from US programs. 

Why the Program Exists

While the impact on Tesla would be direct and immediate, the credit system has a wider purpose. It creates a strong financial incentive for legacy automakers to develop and accelerate their zero-emission vehicle programs, whether it’s hydrogen, electric, or another alternative.

Eliminating the need for these credits would remove that financial pressure. This could allow traditional automakers to slow their EV transition in the US without the fear of a financial penalty, potentially leading to fewer EV choices for consumers and a slower path to vehicle electrification in the country.

Big, But Not Beautiful

On Sunday Morning TV, Elon Musk was asked his thoughts on the Big Beautiful Bill. They were pretty simple. A bill could be big, or it could be beautiful - I don’t know if it can be both, Musk stated.

The bill poses a threat to Tesla’s bottom line and to the adoption of EVs in the US market, where automakers will no longer have a financial incentive to transition to cleaner vehicles, a market they’ve regularly struggled in when competing against Tesla.

Tesla will have to work carefully in the future to cut expenses to remain profitable after the elimination of these regulatory credits.

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