Apple chip maker TSMC to manufacture Tesla's new FSD hardware

Tesla's next generation FSD hardware will be manufactured by TSMC

Tesla

As Tesla continues to send out the latest FSD Beta, 10.69.3.1, the next generation of Tesla's FSD computer will be using chips manufactured by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited (TSMC). Although you may be familiar with this company, there may be a product in your hand now that uses its technology. Apple is a significant customer of TSMC.

Tesla is reportedly dropping Samsung to go with TSMC for the next generation of the Full Self Driving computer. The current computer, Hardware 3, is already a major force. But there are reports that Tesla is preparing a Hardware 4 computer. It's believed to be about three times faster than the current computer.

These TSMC chips are considered the most sophisticated available at 4-nanometer and 5-nanometer processes. They have increased speed and reduced power consumption compared to the previous 7-nanometer process.

A report published by the Taiwan Economic Daily and China's IT House states (translation provided by Electrek): TSMC is receiving orders for vehicles, and it is reported that it has replaced Samsung and won a large order for Tesla's new generation of fully automatic driver assistance (FSD) chips, which will be produced at 4/5 nanometers. Tesla is expected to become one of TSMC's top seven customers next year. It is the first time that TSMC's main customer has a pure electric car factory, which will help resist the impact of consumer electronics boom adjustments.

While TSMC, one of the largest semiconductor companies in the world, is no stranger to the high demand and popular products, this would be the first time it is supplying to an electric vehicle company. Samsung may have lost the chip deal, but it will still be a big part of Tesla's future. In addition, Samsung is producing the advanced cameras that Tesla requires now that FSD relies on Vision only for its Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS).

Tesla used Nvidia hardware before switching to the Samsung chip in 2019. The launch of hardware 3.0 increased the frames processed by 21 times. But Elon Musk has stated a new chip has been in the works for years. FSD Version 11 is right around the corner, and it includes a single technology stack to support city and highway driving. So it seems the next big advance will be in the hardware.

Tesla's Cybertruck is expected to be the first vehicle with Tesla's latest FSD hardware, which will include higher-resolution cameras and a more powerful FSD computer.

Tesla revealed hardware 3.0 and its capabilities during its Autonomy day in 2019. Tesla may hold another event next year to show off the latest hardware.

Tesla Update 2025.20 Tear Down Reveals Grok Personalities and Icons

@greentheonly on X

While most automakers are adding basic and un-integrated AI assistants to their vehicles, Tesla appears to be working hand-in-hand with xAI to build out an entire cast of characters for in-vehicle Grok. In the latest dive into Tesla’s firmware, Tesla hacker @greentheonly uncovered a few new details about the upcoming Grok feature.

This discovery, part of a larger batch of changes found in Tesla update 2025.20, also offers a hint at the hardware required for the Grok.

A Dozen Groks

While we knew from previous firmware teardowns that Tesla was adding various Grok personalities to the vehicle UI, this update introduces a new one called Language Tutor, which may allow users to learn and practice a new language. 

These are the different personas that will be included in Grok:

• Argumentative

• Assistant

• Conspiracy

• Doctor

• Kids’ Stories

• Kids’ Trivia Games

• Meditation

• Motivation

• Romantic

• Sexy

• Storyteller

• Therapist

• Language Tutor

• and the Grok Classic - Unhinged Mode

Release Date

Icons for these personalities have been added to the firmware for the first time, leading us to think Tesla is getting close to releasing the feature. However, even after the feature is developed and included in vehicle software, Tesla may only enable it selectively — such as for select employees for testing.

Grok is expected to be one of the largest vehicle features added via a software update, so it’ll be a big deal when it’s finally released. While we know more or less what to expect from Grok, what we don’t know is about vehicle requirements or whether it’ll require a subscription beyond Premium Connectivity.

Grok Requirements

While subscriptions required are anyone’s guess, vehicle requirements may be a little clearer now, thanks to Green’s discovery that Grok is only being added to AMD-based vehicle software builds.

Unfortunately, this likely means that older, Intel-based vehicles will not receive Grok support, at least for the time being. When Tesla introduced a voice assistant in China, they also started off with AMD-only support but later added Intel support, so it’s possible that the same could happen with Grok.

Energy Saving

Green also found a new undocumented navigation feature in 2025.20.3. This one focuses on leveraging Tesla’s vast amounts of data in an interesting way and offers drivers proactive advice to save energy on a well-traveled route. 

In the Energy App, your vehicle will display, “This route is typically driven at X mph. Slow down by Y mph to save Z% for the rest of this trip.’ 

As you can see in the photo below, Tesla recognizes that vehicles typically drive at 66 mph on the route being driven and offers the driver the option to go five mph slower to save 1% of range. While this example doesn’t provide much incentive to slow down, it could be useful for someone with a low state of charge or if the savings are more significant.

The new line in the Energy App

Not a Tesla App

In the future, Tesla could even use this, alongside the road surface data they’re gathering, to help plan routes for Robotaxi and Unsupervised FSD.

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NHTSA to Streamline Approvals for Control-Free Vehicles Like Tesla’s Cybercab

Not a Tesla App

In a letter to industry, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has announced that it is overhauling its approvals process for vehicles designed without human controls.

The change addresses a regulatory bottleneck that has slowed down American companies like Tesla from deploying purpose-built Robotaxis, rather than relying on using traditional vehicles with steering wheels and pedals. The policy shift is outlined in a letter posted to the NHTSA’s website, which you can find here.

Reducing Approvals From Years to Months

Under the existing rules today, any vehicle that is built without a steering wheel or brake pedals must receive a special exemption from federal safety standards.

Obtaining exemptions for a particular vehicle was a time-consuming process for both the companies requesting exemptions and the NHTSA. The process was often a black box—nobody knew when an exemption might be granted, and approvals could take years.

The NHTSA, under the new administration’s guidelines for autonomous vehicle development, is now committed to streamlining this process. The agency will be implementing a new, faster approach immediately for receiving exemptions for autonomous vehicles without standard controls. The NHTSA expects decisions on exemption requests to be determined within months rather than years. 

Accelerating the Cybercab

This change has massive implications for Tesla, which is banking on the production of the simplified and easy-to-maintain purpose-built Cybercab. The Cybercab is developed from the ground up as an autonomous Robotaxi and will be one of the key beneficiaries of this move by the NHTSA.

Knowing that a final design won't be caught in a multi-year regulatory limbo provides a level of certainty that has been missing. It allows Tesla to confidently plan the manufacturing, development, and deployment processes without worrying whether the project will get stuck in regulatory approvals.

According to the letter, the agency will publish its improved instructions for the streamlined process "shortly." With Tesla already having begun Cybercab pre-production and the goals for its deployment as soon as late 2026, there’s still a lot to be done to make autonomy a part of Tesla’s new sustainable abundance mission statement.

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